Glutamine or L-glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in blood and muscles. It plays a crucial role in various physiological processes.

Protein synthesis: Glutamine is a key element in protein synthesis, thereby promoting muscle growth and repair.

Immune System: Glutamine is essential for maintaining a strong immune system. It is used by immune cells for their optimal functioning.

Intestinal wall integrity: Glutamine is a vital energy source for intestinal cells, helping to regenerate and maintain the integrity of the intestinal wall. This may benefit digestive health.

Body pH balance: Glutamine helps maintain pH balance in the body, thus promoting an environment conducive to the proper functioning of cells.

Manufacturing Glucosamine: Glutamine is also used in the manufacturing of glucosamine, an essential component for cartilage and tendon repair.

Although glutamine is not considered an essential amino acid because the body can synthesize it from other sources, situations of extreme stress or overtraining can cause glutamine levels in the body to drop significantly. In such cases, a glutamine supplement may be beneficial in preventing infections and supporting the immune system.

Studies have shown that taking 5 g to 10 g of glutamine before or immediately after intense exercise can help prevent a decline in immune defenses. For example, a study published in the Journal of Applied Physiology showed that glutamine supplementation reduces the frequency of respiratory infections in endurance athletes.

It should be noted that glutamine should not be used as a substitute for a balanced and varied diet. It is best to consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplement, especially if you have any pre-existing health conditions.

References :

• Castell, LM, Newsholme, EA, & Poortmans, JR (1996). Does glutamine have a role in reducing infections in athletes? European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 73(5), 488-490.
• Roth, E., Oehler, R., Manhart, N., Exner, R., Wessner, B., & Strasser, E. (2000). Regulatory potential of glutamine—relation to glutathione metabolism. Nutrition, 16(7-8), 578-581.
• Lacey, J.M., & Wilmore, D.W. (1990). Is glutamine a conditionally essential amino acid? Nutrition Reviews, 48(8), 297-309.